Ithemba lesicelo semakethi kunye nezibonelelo zokusetyenziswa zohlobo oluqhubekayo lomatshini wokuqhumisa wokudubula
Kulungile. Makhe sijonge nzulu kwizicelo zentengiso ezilindelekileyo kunye nezibonelelo zokusebenzisa umatshini oqhumayo wokudubula oqhumayo.
Ibhanti eqhubekayo yohlobo lokudubula umatshini wokuqhumisa sisixhobo sonyango esisebenza kakuhle kakhulu kunye ne-automated surface. Yenza indawo eqhubekayo ngebhanti eyenziwe ngokunxiba{1}}irabha enganyangekiyo okanye intsimbi. I-workpiece iqhubela phambili phantsi kwe-drive yebhanti kwaye ibethelwa ngaxeshanye ngokudubula okuphoswe ukusuka kwiindlela ezininzi ngomatshini oqhumayo, ngaloo ndlela kufezekiswa ukucocwa komphezulu, ukususwa komhlwa, ukususwa kwesikali se-oxide, ukomelezwa kunye nokupolisha kwendawo yokusebenza.
I. Amathuba eSicelo seMarike
Ithemba lemarike lokuqhubela phambili koomatshini bokuqhushumba abarhuqayo banzi kakhulu, ikakhulu lixhamla kwezi zinto zilandelayo zokuqhuba:
Utshintsho kunye nophuculo lweshishini lemveliso kunye nemfuno yokuzenzela:
Ngenkqubela-phambili-enzulu ye-"Made in China 2025" kunye ne-Industry 4.0, ishishini lokuvelisa lineemfuno eziphezulu zokunyuka kwemveliso, umgangatho wemveliso kunye nolawulo lweendleko. Umatshini wokuqhushumba oqhushumbayo wohlobo oluqhubekayo, kunye nezixhobo zokusebenza ezizisebenzelayo neziqhubekayo, uhlangabezana ngokugqibeleleyo neemfuno zokuphucula umatshini wokuvelisa kunye nobukrelekrele, kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe uthatha indawo yesiqhelo engasebenziyo ngokuqhushumba ngesandla okanye oomatshini bokuqhushumba bamathuba.
2. Ukukhula okuzinzileyo kwemizi-mveliso yezicelo ezisezantsi:
Ishishini lezahlulo zeemoto: Le yenye yeemarike ezinkulu zezicelo. Inani elikhulu lokusaswa kunye ne-forging ezifana neebhloko ze-injini, ii-cylinder heads, iigiya, iirodi zokuqhagamshela kunye ne-knuckles zokuqhuba zonke zifuna ukuhlanjululwa kunye nokomelezwa komphezulu phambi kokulungiswa. Uphuhliso oluqhubekayo lweshishini leemoto, ngakumbi imfuno ekhulayo yamacandelo alula (amalungu e-aluminium alloy) ukusuka kwizithuthi zamandla amatsha, iqhube ngokuthe ngqo imfuno yentengiso yoomatshini abaqhumayo abakhasayo.
Kwishishini le-Foundry, phantse zonke iibhetshi ze-castings (intsimbi engwevu, i-iron ductile, i-aluminium alloy, i-alloy yobhedu, njl. njl.) kufuneka iqhutyelwe ukucoca i-blasting blasting ngaphambi kokushiya i-factory ukususa iinkozo zesanti, isikali se-oxide kunye ne-burrs. Umatshini wokuqhumisa wohlobo lokudubula lolona lufanelekileyo lokucoca okuphakathi kunye nokuncinci{2}}kokulahla okusatyiweyo.
Kwishishini lonyango lobushushu: Emva konyango lobushushu, izixhobo zokusebenza ziya kwenza isikali se-oxide. Kufuneka isuswe ngokucokisekileyo phambi kokucubungula okulandelayo (okufana ne-electroplating kunye nokutshiza), ngaphandle koko kuya kuchaphazela umgangatho wemveliso. Izixhobo eziqhubekayo zinokudibaniswa kakuhle kumgca wokuvelisa unyango lokushisa.
Izixhobo ze-Hardware, iinxalenye zesithuthuthu kunye nebhayisekile: La mashishini aneebhetshi ezinkulu zemveliso kunye neemfuno eziphezulu zokuchaneka konyango lomphezulu kunye nokungaguquguquki. Oomatshini abaqhumayo abaqhumayo abakhasayo zizixhobo eziqhelekileyo.
Usetyenziso lwemathiriyeli emitsha: Umzekelo, ukuxhaswa komphezulu kunye nonyango olugudileyo lwamalungu esinyithi enziwe ngokuvelisa okongeziweyo (ushicilelo lwe-3D) yintsimi yesicelo esakhulayo nekhula ngokukhawuleza.
3. Ukhuseleko lokusingqongileyo kunye nemimiselo engqongqo yokhuseleko:
Imisebenzi yesiqhelo yokuqhunyiswa kwesanti ivelisa uthuli oluninzi kunye nengxolo, enefuthe elibi kwimpilo yabasebenzi kunye nokusingqongileyo. Oomatshini abaqhumayo bohlobo oluqhubekayo lokukhasa badla ngokuthatha umsebenzi ovaliweyo kwaye baxhotyiswe ngenkqubo esebenzayo yokususa uthuli, enokuphucula kakhulu indawo yokusebenza kwaye ihlangabezane nokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo olwandayo olungqongqo kunye nemithetho yezempilo nokhuseleko emsebenzini (EHS). Ke ngoko, baye baba lutyalo-mali oluyimfuneko kumashishini ukuphumeza imveliso ethobelayo.
4. Iinzuzo zoqoqosho zokutshintsha umsebenzi wezandla:
Nangona umatshini oqhumayo wokudubula oqhubekayo wokudubula unotyalo-mali oluphezulu kakhulu, ekuhambeni kwexesha, ukusebenza kwawo okuphezulu kakhulu kunye nesiphumo esizinzileyo sokusetyenzwa kunokunciphisa kakhulu iindleko zabasebenzi, ukunyanzeliswa kwabasebenzi, kunye nokunciphisa isantya se-scrap esibangelwa kukusebenza okungazinzanga. Imbuyekezo kutyalo-mali (ROI) iphawuleka kakhulu.
Ukushwankathela okulindelweyo kwimarike: Xa sithetha ngokubanzi, amathuba esicelo semakethi yohlobo oluqhubekayo lokuqhushumba koomatshini bokuqhumisa baqhubeleka ukuba balungile. Iya kuphuhlisa ijolise ekusebenzeni okuphezulu, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi, ulawulo oluhlakaniphile (njengokudibanisa i-IoT yokubeka iliso kwimeko yesixhobo kunye nesilumkiso kwangaphambili), kunye nokuguquguquka kwezinto ngokubanzi. Imfuno yemarike iya kunyuka ngokuthe ngcembe kunye nokuphuculwa kweshishini lemveliso.
Ii. Izinto eziluncedo zokuSebenzisa oomatshini abaQhubelayo abaCwangcisayo bohlobo lokuDubula
Umatshini wokudubula oqhubekayo webhanti uyathandwa yimarike ngenxa yothotho lweenzuzo ezibalaseleyo:
1. Ukusebenza okuphezulu, ukusebenza okuqhubekayo
"Ukuqhubekeka" yinzuzo yayo engundoqo. I-workpiece ilayishwa ngokuzenzekelayo, idutyulwe iqhume kwaye icocwe, kwaye ikhutshwe ngokuzenzekelayo. Yonke inkqubo ayifuni ukuphazanyiswa, ukufezekisa ukusebenza komgca wendibano. Ukusebenza kwemveliso kuphezulu kakhulu kunoko kwezixhobo eziphazamisayo ezifuna ukulayishwa ngesandla kunye nokothula.
2. Ukucoca okufanayo kunye nefuthe elihambelanayo
Izixhobo zokusebenza zihlala ziqengqeleka phantsi kokuqhutywa kweengoma, ziqinisekisa ukuba zonke iindawo zazo zibethelwa ngokupheleleyo nangokulinganayo ngokudutyulwa, ukuphepha ukucoca iikona ezifileyo kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuhambelana okuphezulu komgangatho wokucubungula yonke ibhetshi yezinto zokusebenza.
3. Iqondo eliphezulu lokuzisebenzela,-ugcino
Umatshini oqhumayo oqhushumbayo wohlobo oluqhubekayo lwe-crawler ufuna kuphela abasebenzi aba-1-2 ukuba baphathe ukulayishwa kunye nokothula (kwaye banokudityaniswa ne-automated truss manipulator okanye irobhothi ukuphumeza i-automation epheleleyo), ukunciphisa ngokubonakalayo amandla omsebenzi kunye nezakhono zabasebenzi, kunye nokugcina iindleko zabasebenzi.
4. Indawo yokusebenza enobuhlobo, iyahlangabezana neemfuno zokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo:
Isixhobo sitywinwe ngokupheleleyo kwaye sixhotyiswe ngenkqubo esebenzayo yokususa uthuli, enokuqokelela ngokufanelekileyo uthuli oluveliswa ngexesha lokudubula. Ugxininiso lothuli lwangaphakathi kunye nengxolo zombini zilawulwa ngokufanelekileyo, zikhusela impilo yabasebenzi kwaye zenza kube lula ukudlula uphononongo lokukhuselwa kokusingqongileyo.
5. Umsebenzi olula kunye nolondolozo olufanelekileyo:
Oomatshini abaqhumayo banamhlanje abaqhushumbayo bamkela iinkqubo zolawulo ze-PLC, ezinojongano lomatshini wobuntu ({0}}onobubele (HMI) kwaye zilungele ukusetwa kweparamitha kunye nohlengahlengiso. Ukutshintshwa kweendawo ezisengozini ezifana neengoma nazo zithe ngqo.
6. Imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo, iinjongo ezininzi kumatshini omnye
Ngokutshintshela izinto ezahlukeneyo (ezifana nentsimbi yentsimbi, i-stainless steel shot, i-ceramic shot) kunye nokudubula kobukhulu obuhlukeneyo be-particle, kunye nokulungelelanisa isantya se-ejector kunye nexesha, izixhobo ezifanayo azikwazi ukwenza kuphela ukucoca i-rust enzima kodwa zifezekise ukucolisa umphezulu kunye nokuqiniswa kweendawo ezintle, ezinikezela izicelo eziguquguqukayo.
7. Ubume obubambeneyo,{1}}ugcino
Nangona inamandla kumsebenzi, uyilo lwayo luhlala luhlangene kwisakhiwo kwaye luthatha indawo encinci, ekulungele ukucwangciswa kunye nokufakwa kwiiworkshops zemveliso ezikhoyo.
Imiba ekufuneka iqwalaselwe kumatshini wokuqhushumba webhanti eqhubekayo:
Utyalo-mali lokuqala oluphezulu: Xa kuthelekiswa nezixhobo ezilula, ixabiso layo lokuthenga liphezulu.
Izithintelo zobungakanani bomsebenzi: Isebenza ikakhulu kwiibhetshi ezinkulu zamalungu aphakathi kunye namancinci-ancinci (anobunzima beqhekeza elinye alidluli kwi-50kg), ayifanelekanga kulwakhiwo olukhulu okanye iindawo ezibhityileyo nezibhityileyo.
Kukho umngcipheko wokungqubana: Xa izixhobo zokusebenza ziqengqeleka ngaphakathi ebaleni, zinokungqubana enye kwenye. Ke ngoko, iindawo ezichanekileyo ezineemfuno eziphezulu kakhulu zomgangatho kufuneka zisetyenziswe ngononophelo okanye izixhobo ezikhethekileyo kufuneka zamkelwe.
Ukuqukumbela
Ibhanti eqhubekayo{0}}oomatshini bokuqhushumba bebhanti ziyimfuneko engundoqo yonyango lomphezulu kwimveliso yanamhlanje. Iinzuzo zayo ezibalaseleyo zokusebenza kakuhle, umgangatho ophezulu, ubungane bemekobume kunye nokuzenzekelayo kwenze ukuba ibonise ukhuphiswano oluqinileyo ebusweni bokuphuculwa kwemveliso, imimiselo engqongqo yokusingqongileyo kunye noxinzelelo lweendleko. Ithemba lesicelo semarike lidibene ngokunzulu kunye nophuhliso loshishino lokuvelisa, kwaye ikamva liyathembisa. Lutyalo-mali olufanelekileyo kubavelisi becandelo abaninzi ukukhulisa ukhuphiswano lwabo.